Zero trust security is the bedrock of modern cybersecurity. However, it is not a singular software program or technology solution, but instead a framework — a set of principles, models, and best practices working in unison to protect your systems and data from cyberattacks.
This blog post will explore the zero trust security philosophy and go over the different components that make up a zero trust security model. With this information, you can create a vision for what your organization’s zero trust security environment should look like so that you can keep your data safe from modern threats with modern cyber defenses.
What is zero trust security?
Zero trust security is a modern cybersecurity framework that shifts away from traditional security models, where anything inside the company network is safe. That is to say, traditionally you put up a “wall” around your network with a guarded “gate,” and anything that makes it through the gate is considered safe.
Instead, zero trust follows the principle of “never trust, always verify.” It enforces rigorous identity checks for all users and devices, regardless of whether they operate within or beyond the network perimeter.
This approach was born out of necessity to secure increasingly complex computing environments where remote work, cloud services, and mobile devices are the norm. Today, simple perimeter-based cybersecurity models are akin to bringing a knife to a gunfight; they are antiquated and dangerous to your organization.
By meticulously checking everybody and everything, the zero trust model significantly reduces the risk of breaches, even if an attacker manages to infiltrate your network.
Understanding zero trust principles
A zero trust model isn’t just about which technologies you implement. It’s a multifaceted, comprehensive approach to preventing unauthorized access to your systems and reducing risk to your data.
A zero trust security framework relies on several key principles:
- Identity verification: Every user and device must verify their identity before gaining access to resources, typically with multifactor authentication (MFA).
- Least privilege access: Access is limited to the essential permissions required for users and devices to complete their specific tasks. If an employee doesn’t need certain systems or data to perform their function, then they don’t need access to it.
- Microsegmentation: Zero trust breaks the network into smaller, self-contained sections to keep sensitive data secure. This ensures that, even if an attacker gets in, they cannot navigate the network without restrictions.
- Continuous monitoring: User behavior and device activity are constantly monitored to detect anomalies that may indicate a potential threat such as unusual access requests and repeated failed login attempts.
- Device security: Zero trust evaluates the security posture of all devices for risks such as outdated software, missing patches, or unrecognized owners before granting access.
These principles combine to ensure that access to specific resources is restricted to verified and approved users or devices, effectively minimizing potential vulnerabilities. They also reduce and contain the potential impact of cyberattacks should they occur.
What’s the best zero trust security architecture?
While it is not possible to choose any one design as the best, the most widely accepted and enforced standard is NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) SP 800-207. This zero trust strategy is robust and complex, and is mandated by the US government to be used in all federal agencies to defend against state-sponsored cyberattacks and other serious online threats.
But while SP 800-207 is comprehensive and proven effective, it’s not necessarily the best solution for your organization and its needs.
What does your zero trust architecture need?
There’s no one-size-fits-all zero trust approach, as the ideal architecture depends on your business’s size, infrastructure, and needs. However, to ensure your zero trust architecture is effective, you must include these core components:
- Identity and access management (IAM): IAM systems are designed to control and secure user identities while implementing robust authentication measures. These systems prevent unauthorized access with tools such as MFA for added account security, single sign-on to streamline login processes, and conditional access policies that dynamically adjust access permissions based on location, job roles, device, or risk level.
- Life cycle management: Managing user accounts effectively when employees change roles or leave the company is critical to maintaining security. This includes updating or revoking access control privileges promptly to ensure there are no vulnerabilities or unauthorized access in the network.
- Endpoint security: Endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions, such as CrowdStrike or SentinelOne, monitor device activity and quickly respond to threats as they emerge on your devices.
- Network microsegmentation: Technologies like software-defined networking (SDN) allow you to segment your network based on user roles or data sensitivity, ensuring only part of your network is affected in the event of an attack.
- Zero trust network access (ZTNA): ZTNA offers a modern alternative to traditional VPNs by granting secure, precise access to specific applications and data so that the broader network remains protected and hidden.
- Cloud security: For businesses leveraging cloud services, tools like CASBs (cloud access security brokers) ensure secure access to public cloud platforms, such as Google Workspace and Microsoft 365.
- Behavioral analytics: Behavioral analytics tools use machine learning to detect abnormal user activity. If a user is acting strangely, they can be cut off automatically.
By integrating these components into your security posture, you can create a robust zero trust architecture tailored to your business’s unique needs. While the initial implementation can require time and effort, the long-term benefits of stronger security, reduced compliance risk, and peace of mind make it an essential investment for your business.
Zero trust architecture, built from the ground up to stand the test of time
A zero trust architecture can effectively protects you from even the most sophisticated and stealthy online threats. However, as we have seen, it is a complex framework that requires several parts moving together in unison for maximum effect. To keep your organization safe now and into the future, your zero trust security posture requires meticulous planning and expert design and implementation.
At Dynamic Solutions Group, we employ a talented team of cybersecurity professionals with up-to-date knowledge of security best practices. Contact Dynamic Solutions Group today for a consultation, and we’ll work with you to create a custom-designed zero trust security architecture that meets your needs without compromising performance.
